- Autoimmune disease that affects multi-systems
- 1.5million cases of lupus
- Onset usually between ages of 15 and 45 years.
- Can occur in childhood or later in life.
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SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOUS
o Chronic, systemic inflammatory disease caused by immune complex formation.
المُعَقَّدٌ المَناعِيّ هو معقد مكون من جسم مضاد و مستضد قابل للذوبان. بعد أن يتحدا ويتكون المعقد المناعي يمكن أن يحدث لهذا المعقد عددٌ من الأفعال. اما ان تساهم جملة المتممة أو تتم له عملية الطهاية أو البلعمة أو تعالج بواسطة انزيم البروتييز( يحلل جزيئات البروتينات الكبيرة ).
o The word "systemic" means the disease can affect many parts of the body.
o Pathophysiology associated with clinical features secondary to immune complexes depositing in tissues resulting in inflammation.
o Parts of the body affected include: the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain.
The SLE Test is to be used as an aid in the diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) through the detection and quantitation of serum antinucleoprotein (autoantibodies) associated with SLE.
PRINCIPLE:
The SLE Latex test provides a means of detecting anti deoxy-ribonucleoprotein (DNP) (autoantibodies) in human serum. The antinuclear antibodies created in systemic lupus erythematosus bind to the deoxy ribonucleoproteins (DNP) coating the latex particles. When the Latex Reagent is mixed with the serum containing antibodies to DNP, about 2-3 minutes of incubation, apparent agglutination occurs.
المبدأ
- ± autoantibodies+ latex DNP بختصار
- ارتباط الـ antinuclear antibodies بـ latex DNP
- الفكرة العامة : خلط الـ latex reagent (DNP) مع الـ serume الذي يمثل الـ (antibody) ليعطي agglutination
ملاحظة حول المبدأ
- antinuclear antibodies : يمثل الـ antibody وينشأ بواسطة الذئبية الحمامية
- latex DNP : يمثل الـ antigen , حيث يغطي الـ latex
- DNP = Deoxyripo+Nucleo+Protein
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Reagents
O SLE Latex Reagent (white cap)
Suspension of polystyrene latex particles coated with DNP in stabilized buffer.
polystyrene : يعد البوليسترين أحد أكثر أنواع البلاستيك استخداما حول العالم
O 0.5ml Positive control(red cap)
Liquid control, ready to use containing deoxy ribonucleoproteins (DNP) antibodies (human) sufficient to give distinct agglutination.
O 1.0 Negative control (green cap)
O Liquid control, ready to use. All three reagents contain (0.095%) sodium azide as a preservative.
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PROCEDURE
1- The reagents and samples were allowed to reach room temperature. Mix latex reagent gently before use to insure that no aggregation of latex particles which may occur upon standing.
س\ لماذا يجب خض العلبة البيضاء ( بيفر ) قبل الاستخدام؟
ج\ لتأكد من عدم تراكم جزيئات اللاتكس
2- Separated circles on the dark plate were used for each investigation, (30 μl) of the sample and one drop (50 µl) of each Positive and Negative controls were added, each on its corresponding circle.
3- One drop of SLE- latex reagent was added to each circle in test plate next to the negative and positive circle test.
4- Mix with separate sticks for each sample was used for mixing the drop, spreading them over the entire surface of the circle, rotate slide by hands, for 2 minutes and read immediately under direct light.
RESULTS
Positive serum must show agglutination within 1 minute. Agglutination (positive reaction) indicates the level of antinuclear antibody (specifically, anti-DNP) is in the range commonly found in systemic lupus erythematous.
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READING THE RESULTS:
- Negative: Smooth suspension with no agglutination.
- Positive: Visible agglutination.
Slide Agglutination Test
LIMITATION OF THE PROCEDURE
Serum from patients with scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, and a variety of diseases may provoke agglutination in the SLE slide test.
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